Ventilation processes and duct cleaning must be established in a residential area. This is important for creating a comfortable indoor microclimate, which will also be beneficial for the health of people living in the house. Properly equipped ventilation in a private house is a system that includes a number of elements, including hoods in the kitchen space, bathrooms and utility rooms. In addition, a stable supply of clean and fresh air from outside must be established.
Normal ventilation for proper air exchange may not be enough, especially in the cold season. During periods of summer heat, ventilation may also not provide the desired level of coolness in the premises, and therefore it is recommended to think about creating effective ventilation in a private house even at the stage of building construction.
Ventilation system of a private house: characteristic features
The system is usually mounted according to an individual project, which is developed together with other engineering networks of the future construction. But if you wish, you can equip an effective system in an already built house. How to do this - we will describe in detail below.
In a private house, ventilation networks of various types can be built, but whichever option is chosen, the finished system must meet a number of requirements, namely:
- Work in the most silent mode.
- Not be expensive to maintain and operate.
- Don't crash.
- Do not require significant expenses for the arrangement and perfectly perform all its work functions.
Only if the ventilation system fully complies with all the listed qualities, we can talk about its productivity.
Ventilation systems for private houses are selected not only according to the operating functions of the installation itself, but also taking into account the building material.
Systems for timber buildings
Natural wood is not only an environmentally friendly material, but also retains heat well and allows oxygen to pass through. If you are the owner of a wooden one-story country house, then it will be enough to build a natural ventilation system in the building. It will be enough to maintain a comfortable microclimate at different times of the year and also to ensure high-quality ventilation of all rooms in the building.
In a wooden house with equipped natural ventilation, it will not be too hot in summer and cold in winter. The cost of arranging a ventilation system in wooden buildings will be minimal.
Options for frame houses
A feature of frame structures is that they are airtight and do not let air into the interior. If the building has insignificant area indicators, then in principle it is possible not to equip a complex ventilation system in it. It will be enough to install window structures with micro-ventilation functions and regulate the microclimate in the house using this function.
If the building has a large area, several floors of natural ventilation will not be enough and the best option may be the arrangement of a supply and exhaust ventilation system. Such a network will simultaneously remove exhausted and polluted air masses outside the internal space and provide a sufficient supply of cool and clean air. Additionally, the system can be equipped with an air conditioner or a heater for heating / cooling the incoming air flow, filtering devices.
Ventilation shafts are equipped mainly in walls and ceilings, for this reason, the layout of ventilation ducts should be considered at the design stage of the building.
In a frame house, you can also equip ventilation with fans. They are placed in the attic and perform the function of removing exhaust air masses. Exhaust ducts are placed in places of maximum air pollution. Sensors will help to calculate such zones or, again, a competent approach to designing a ventilation system at the stage of building a house.
Air will flow through special valves that can be placed both in wall surfaces and in window structures. As soon as the outflow of air from the house increases, the volume of incoming air masses will also increase. And vice versa.
The right approach to arranging ventilation in a private house
If you decide to equip your future home with an efficient ventilation system, you should initially choose the installation option that suits you according to the principle of operation. Which option will be the most productive in your home - the answer to this question can be obtained by examining all the characteristics of existing systems and the features of their functioning. Ideally, the development of the project should be entrusted to a competent and experienced specialist, but if you do not have such an opportunity, then study in detail all the regulatory documents on ventilation systems and the rules for their arrangement.
Many private developers opt for natural ventilation, as the most cost-effective and easy-to-install option. However, it is worth considering the fact that the effectiveness of such a system will largely depend on external factors. The process of air exchange in natural networks is carried out either with a significant difference in pressure in the street and inside the house, or with a temperature difference. If this condition is not met, the system simply will not work, and accordingly, it will not be possible to create a comfortable microclimate in the house. Ventilation is also not a solution to the problem, especially in the winter season. It can lead to the formation of drafts, which are not only harmful to human health, but can lead to damage to furniture and interior decoration. Besides,
Therefore, experts advise not to be limited to natural ventilation and to equip a forced-action system in the house, in which fans will be used to ensure the movement of air at the desired speed and in a given direction.
Such systems are supply and exhaust. In the first version, the ventilation system will force air flows into the interior of the building, and the exhaust air will be discharged through the natural ventilation line or through cracks, gaps in doorways or windows. The second option - the system in forced mode takes in polluted air, and the flow of clean air masses occurs through equipped supply openings, which are usually located in the lower part of the building. Dirty air intake devices are best placed in rooms with high humidity, frequent temperature changes, where sharp and unpleasant odors often form.
It should be noted that if the building will be heated by gas, then it is desirable to equip both the inflow and outflow of air in the room with the boiler. The inflow is necessary for the correct operation of the equipment, because without oxygen the combustion process is impossible, the outflow is to remove combustion products from the air and eliminate the risk of a fire hazard.
An excellent solution could be the use of a supply and exhaust ventilation system, which provides the highest quality air exchange and can be supplemented with other functions - air humidification, heating or cooling the local atmosphere to the required levels, and cleaning the air masses. For this type of system, not only a system of air ducts is being built, but specialized equipment is also purchased.
In order to reduce energy costs, which are inevitable for systems with heaters, it is possible to initially equip a ventilation system with a heat exchanger. This device will warm up cold fresh masses due to the air taken from the premises and then return it to the interior of the house. Systems with recuperators can reduce heat losses by almost 50% and significantly reduce the cost of maintenance and operation of the ventilation unit itself.
A cooling unit can also be built into the system, but this is a rather expensive option, so many owners prefer it to install ventilation and air conditioning systems at the same time.
As a conclusion
We hope the material helped you get an idea of the types of ventilation systems for private houses and the specifics of their arrangement. In principle, all work on the installation of ventilation in a private building can be carried out independently, especially if the choice was made in favor of a simple and inexpensive natural ventilation system. But if you want to get multifunctional and efficient ventilation, then it is best to get advice on its arrangement from specialists in the field.
Professionals will create an individual project for your home, the result of which will be a durable and high-quality operation of the ventilation system.
